Tuesday, 6 December 2011
Saturday, 24 September 2011
ISA of IBM PC, Endiun Convention
ISA of IBM PC
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The Processor
The processor is partitioned into two logical units: an Execution Unit (EU) and a Bus Interface Unit (BIU). The role of the EU is to execute instructions, whereas the BIU delivers instructions and data to the EU. The EU contains ALU, a control unit and a number of registers. These features provide for execution of instructions and arithmetic and logic operations. The BIU controls the buses that transfer data to the EU, to memory, and to I/O devices. It also manages segment registers and instruction queue. Segment registers control memory addressing and will be described shortly. Instructions fetched from main memory by BIU are placed in an instruction queue, which varies in size depending on the processor. This feature enables fetching of instructions in parallel with instruction execution and hence results in speeding up execution.
•
Memory Addressing
Depending on the machine, a processor can access one or more bytes from memory at a time. The number of bytes accessed simultaneously from main memory is called word length of machine. Generally, all machines are byte-addressable i.e.; every byte stored in memory has a unique address. However, word length of a machine is typically some integral multiple of a byte. Therefore, the address of a word must be the address of one of its constituting bytes. In this regard, one of the following methods of addressing may be used.
Big Endian:
The word address is taken as the address of the most significant byte in the word. MIPS, Apple Macintosh are some of the machines in this class.
Little Endian:
Here the word address is taken as the address of the least significant byte in the word. Intel’s machines are of this type. Consider for example, storing hex number 245A in main memory. The least significant byte 5A will be stored in low memory address and most significant byte 24 will be stored in high memory address.
Sunday, 19 June 2011
Monday, 13 June 2011
Mohammad Ali Mazidi Microcontroller Ebook
Introduction of "C Programming Language Training SCM 100 patients: simulation based on 8051 Proteus" tells the story: the first chapter with a brief chapters on the characteristics of 8051, applications, and Keil C language programming language programming in 8051 focused on the internal resources; second chapter describes Proteus entry operation; third ~ chapters were all cases of the microcontroller C programming; The third chapter is based on cases involving the C language based on part of some of the basic IO, interrupts and timers, serial port control mode DAC part numbers and so on; fourth chapter in the previous extension on the basis of the application programming peripheral hardware, including decoder, serial and conversion chips, memory, LCD screen in English, IIC, etc.; fifth chapter is a comprehensive design part, involves the application of some specific type of product design. Readers: "Microcontroller C Programming Language Training 100 cases: Based on the 8051 Proteus simulation" for computer science or electronics professional school students, especially students in vocational and technical schools, inadequate investment in school laboratories, electronic engineering technicians , and the community want to learn microcontroller technology but not purchase of laboratory equipment microcontroller hardware staff.
Directory:
Chapter 1 microcontroller based
1.1 SCM technology development
51 Series Microcontroller Architecture 1.2
1.2.1 Internal Structure
1.2.2 Memory Organization
l.2.3 internal function modules
l.2.4 external pin
1.2.5 Extended System Resources
1.3 Microcontroller Programming
Chapter 2 based on C language programming
2.1 Basic Concepts
2.1.1 Overview
2.1.2 Variables and Arithmetic Expressions
2.1.3 for statement
2.1.4 Symbolic Constants
2.2 Data types, operators and expressions
2.2.1 C language data types
2.2.2 Constants and Variables
2.2.3 Integers
2.2.4 Real data
2.2.5 Character Data
2.2.6 Operators
2.2.7 Expressions
2.3 Program control statements
2.3.1 The basic structure of the program 3
2.3.2 conditional control statements
2.3.3 Program Application examples
2.4 loop control statement
2.4.1 while statement
2.4.2 dowhile statement
2.4.3 for statement
2.4.4 break and continue statements
2.4.5 Program Application examples
2.5 Summary
Chapter 3 C high-level programming language
3.1 Functions and program structure
3.1.1 Function Basics
3.1.2 The function returns non-integer values
3.1.3 External Variables
3.1.4 Scope Rules
3.1.5 Header
3.1.6 Static variables
3.1.7 Register Variables
3.1.8 sub-program structure
3.1.9 Initialization
3.1.10 Recursive
3.2 Arrays
3.2.1 One-dimensional array
3.2.2 dimensional array
3.2.3 Multidimensional Arrays
3.2.4 Array Initialization
3.3 pointer
3.3.1 Pointer and pointer variables.
3.3.2 reference to a pointer variable and
3.3.3 Pointer Expressions and Pointer operators
3.3.4 Pointer and Array
3.3.5 the address pointer allocation
3.3.6 pointer array
3.3.7 pointer to a pointer
3.4 total body and union organizations
3.4.1 the definition of structure type variables and reference
3.4.2 Definition of an array of structures and references
3.4.3 Definition of structure pointers and references
3.4.4 union
3.5 Summary
Chapter 4 C51 Program
4.1 C51 extension of the standard C language
4.1.1 Storage Area
4.1.2 Classification of data variables
4.1.3 Memory Mode
Absolute Address Access 4.1.4
4.1.5 Pointer
4.1.6 Functions
4.2 C5 1 library
4.2.1 Character Functions CTYPE.H
4.2.2 General I / O function STDIO.H
4.2.3 String Functions STRING.H
4.2.4 standard function STDLIB.H
4.2.5 Mathematical Functions MATH.H
4.2.6 Absolute Address Access ABSACC.H
4.2.7 Internal functions INTRINS.H
4.2.8 variable parameter table STDARG.H
Jump SETJMPH 4.2.9 full
4.2.10 access to SFR and the SFR bit address REGxxx.H
4.3 C51 programming
4.3.1 C Program basic structure
4.3.2 write efficient procedures and Optimizer C51
Chapter 5 Windows Integrated Development Environment Vision2
5.1 Vision2 editing interface and its Function
5.1.1 Vision2 Interface Summary
5.1.2 Main Menu Bar
5.1.3 Vision2 function button
5.1.4 Vision2 windowing environment
Application development process 5.2 Introduction Vision2
5.2.1 Create a new project
5.2.2 Environment configuration used
5.2.3 Code Optimization
5.2.4 object code debugging
5.3 CPU simulation
5.3.1 Vision2 debugger
5.3.2 Debug commands
5.3.3 Memory Space
5.3.4 expressions (Expressions)
5.3.5 Skills
5.4 in-depth understanding of Vision2
5.4.1 Vision2 project management
5.4.2 Tips
5.4.3 Vision2 debugging functions
Chapter 6 C5l compiler
6.1 Pretreatment
6.1.1 Macro Definition
6.1.2 file contains
6.1.3 Conditional Compilation
6.1.4 Other pre-orders
6.2 C51 compiler control directives Detailed
6.2.1 Source control instructions
6.2.2 The list of control instructions
6.2.3 Target Control command
6.3 C5l the advanced configuration file
6.3.1 Target startup configuration file - STARTUP. A51.
6.3.2 CPU initialization file - START751. A51
6.3.3 static variable initialization file - INT. A51
6.3.4 Special variable initialization file - INIT751. A51
A typical Chapter 7 C51 programming resources
7.1 Interrupt System
7.2 Timer / Counter Use
7.3 I / O port to use
7.4 Expansion Memory
7.4.1 External ROM
7.4.2 External RAM
7.4.3 External Serial E2PROM
7.5 a complete routine using a variety of resources
7.5.1 Project Requirements
7.5.2 Background knowledge of the stepper motor
7.5.3 Solution Design and Implementation
Chapter 8 Communication Microcontroller
8.1 Serial Communication
8.1.1 Serial Communication Foundation
8.1.2 Chip Serial Use
SCM 8.2 point to point communication
8.2.1 Communication Interface
8.2.2 Point to Point Communication Program SCM
8.3 Single Chip Multiprocessor Communication
8.3.1 Design of the host part of the communication program
8.3.2 from the machine part of the Communication Program
8.4 MCU I2C bus communication
8.4.1 I2C bus introduced
8.4.2 I2C bus hardware interface design
8.4.3 I2C bus hardware interface software simulation
8.4.4 I2C bus system design features
8.5 Microcontroller and computer interconnection
8.5.1 Circuit Design
8.5.2 code circuit C5 1
8.5.3 Visual C computer code end
Chapter 9 Example C51 microcontroller project development
9.1 Microcontroller System Design
9.2 C51 system design knowledge
9.2.1 Knowledge of hardware and circuit
9.2.2 software, and knowledge of programming languages
9.3 C5l system design issues need attention
9.3.1 MCU resource allocation
9.3.2 Addressing the microcontroller
9.3.3 C5 1 return value
9.3.4 MCU watchdog
9.3.5 MCU peripherals
9.3.6 MCU power consumption
Some of the issues related to C51 9.4
9.5 Keyboard and LED digital display
9.5.1 Background and function of circuit design
9.5.2 Circuit Design
C51 9.5.3 keyboard code scanning circuit
9.5.4 Improvement of the circuit - keyboard jitter elimination procedure
9.5.5 shows the circuit part of the circuit-LED digital tube
9.6 A / D, D / A converter
9.6.1 Background and function of circuit design
9.6.2 Circuit Design
9.6.3 Circuit program code C51
Microcontroller-based Digital Clock 9.7
9.7.1 Background and function of circuit design
9.7.2 Circuit Design
9.7.3 Circuit program code C51
Chapter 10 C5l typical microcontroller module instance
External ROM and RAM 10.1 Typical use of the device
10.1.1 Example function
10.1.2 device and principle
10.1.3 Circuit
10.1.4 Programming
10.2 LCD display and driver instances
10.2.1 Example function
10.2.2 device and principle
10.2.3 Circuit
lO.2.4 Programming
10.3 with A / D chip voltage measurement
10.3.1 Example function
10.3.2 device and principle
10.3.3 Circuit
10.3.4 Programming
lO.4 used for temperature compensation and measurement DSl820
10.4.1 Example function
10.4.2 device and principle
10.4.3 Circuit
10.4.4 Programming
10.5 voice chip used in the SCM system
10.5.1 Example function
10.5.2 device and principle
10.5.3 Circuit
10.5.4 Programming
10.6 clock chip microcontroller system
10.6.1 Example function
10.6.2 device and principle
10.6.3 Circuit
10.6.4 Programming
10.7 Implementation of SCM in the filtering algorithm
10.8 FFT transform signal data
DOWNLOAD
http://www.mediafire.com/?zskri01jsg5x08g
Directory:
Chapter 1 microcontroller based
1.1 SCM technology development
51 Series Microcontroller Architecture 1.2
1.2.1 Internal Structure
1.2.2 Memory Organization
l.2.3 internal function modules
l.2.4 external pin
1.2.5 Extended System Resources
1.3 Microcontroller Programming
Chapter 2 based on C language programming
2.1 Basic Concepts
2.1.1 Overview
2.1.2 Variables and Arithmetic Expressions
2.1.3 for statement
2.1.4 Symbolic Constants
2.2 Data types, operators and expressions
2.2.1 C language data types
2.2.2 Constants and Variables
2.2.3 Integers
2.2.4 Real data
2.2.5 Character Data
2.2.6 Operators
2.2.7 Expressions
2.3 Program control statements
2.3.1 The basic structure of the program 3
2.3.2 conditional control statements
2.3.3 Program Application examples
2.4 loop control statement
2.4.1 while statement
2.4.2 dowhile statement
2.4.3 for statement
2.4.4 break and continue statements
2.4.5 Program Application examples
2.5 Summary
Chapter 3 C high-level programming language
3.1 Functions and program structure
3.1.1 Function Basics
3.1.2 The function returns non-integer values
3.1.3 External Variables
3.1.4 Scope Rules
3.1.5 Header
3.1.6 Static variables
3.1.7 Register Variables
3.1.8 sub-program structure
3.1.9 Initialization
3.1.10 Recursive
3.2 Arrays
3.2.1 One-dimensional array
3.2.2 dimensional array
3.2.3 Multidimensional Arrays
3.2.4 Array Initialization
3.3 pointer
3.3.1 Pointer and pointer variables.
3.3.2 reference to a pointer variable and
3.3.3 Pointer Expressions and Pointer operators
3.3.4 Pointer and Array
3.3.5 the address pointer allocation
3.3.6 pointer array
3.3.7 pointer to a pointer
3.4 total body and union organizations
3.4.1 the definition of structure type variables and reference
3.4.2 Definition of an array of structures and references
3.4.3 Definition of structure pointers and references
3.4.4 union
3.5 Summary
Chapter 4 C51 Program
4.1 C51 extension of the standard C language
4.1.1 Storage Area
4.1.2 Classification of data variables
4.1.3 Memory Mode
Absolute Address Access 4.1.4
4.1.5 Pointer
4.1.6 Functions
4.2 C5 1 library
4.2.1 Character Functions CTYPE.H
4.2.2 General I / O function STDIO.H
4.2.3 String Functions STRING.H
4.2.4 standard function STDLIB.H
4.2.5 Mathematical Functions MATH.H
4.2.6 Absolute Address Access ABSACC.H
4.2.7 Internal functions INTRINS.H
4.2.8 variable parameter table STDARG.H
Jump SETJMPH 4.2.9 full
4.2.10 access to SFR and the SFR bit address REGxxx.H
4.3 C51 programming
4.3.1 C Program basic structure
4.3.2 write efficient procedures and Optimizer C51
Chapter 5 Windows Integrated Development Environment Vision2
5.1 Vision2 editing interface and its Function
5.1.1 Vision2 Interface Summary
5.1.2 Main Menu Bar
5.1.3 Vision2 function button
5.1.4 Vision2 windowing environment
Application development process 5.2 Introduction Vision2
5.2.1 Create a new project
5.2.2 Environment configuration used
5.2.3 Code Optimization
5.2.4 object code debugging
5.3 CPU simulation
5.3.1 Vision2 debugger
5.3.2 Debug commands
5.3.3 Memory Space
5.3.4 expressions (Expressions)
5.3.5 Skills
5.4 in-depth understanding of Vision2
5.4.1 Vision2 project management
5.4.2 Tips
5.4.3 Vision2 debugging functions
Chapter 6 C5l compiler
6.1 Pretreatment
6.1.1 Macro Definition
6.1.2 file contains
6.1.3 Conditional Compilation
6.1.4 Other pre-orders
6.2 C51 compiler control directives Detailed
6.2.1 Source control instructions
6.2.2 The list of control instructions
6.2.3 Target Control command
6.3 C5l the advanced configuration file
6.3.1 Target startup configuration file - STARTUP. A51.
6.3.2 CPU initialization file - START751. A51
6.3.3 static variable initialization file - INT. A51
6.3.4 Special variable initialization file - INIT751. A51
A typical Chapter 7 C51 programming resources
7.1 Interrupt System
7.2 Timer / Counter Use
7.3 I / O port to use
7.4 Expansion Memory
7.4.1 External ROM
7.4.2 External RAM
7.4.3 External Serial E2PROM
7.5 a complete routine using a variety of resources
7.5.1 Project Requirements
7.5.2 Background knowledge of the stepper motor
7.5.3 Solution Design and Implementation
Chapter 8 Communication Microcontroller
8.1 Serial Communication
8.1.1 Serial Communication Foundation
8.1.2 Chip Serial Use
SCM 8.2 point to point communication
8.2.1 Communication Interface
8.2.2 Point to Point Communication Program SCM
8.3 Single Chip Multiprocessor Communication
8.3.1 Design of the host part of the communication program
8.3.2 from the machine part of the Communication Program
8.4 MCU I2C bus communication
8.4.1 I2C bus introduced
8.4.2 I2C bus hardware interface design
8.4.3 I2C bus hardware interface software simulation
8.4.4 I2C bus system design features
8.5 Microcontroller and computer interconnection
8.5.1 Circuit Design
8.5.2 code circuit C5 1
8.5.3 Visual C computer code end
Chapter 9 Example C51 microcontroller project development
9.1 Microcontroller System Design
9.2 C51 system design knowledge
9.2.1 Knowledge of hardware and circuit
9.2.2 software, and knowledge of programming languages
9.3 C5l system design issues need attention
9.3.1 MCU resource allocation
9.3.2 Addressing the microcontroller
9.3.3 C5 1 return value
9.3.4 MCU watchdog
9.3.5 MCU peripherals
9.3.6 MCU power consumption
Some of the issues related to C51 9.4
9.5 Keyboard and LED digital display
9.5.1 Background and function of circuit design
9.5.2 Circuit Design
C51 9.5.3 keyboard code scanning circuit
9.5.4 Improvement of the circuit - keyboard jitter elimination procedure
9.5.5 shows the circuit part of the circuit-LED digital tube
9.6 A / D, D / A converter
9.6.1 Background and function of circuit design
9.6.2 Circuit Design
9.6.3 Circuit program code C51
Microcontroller-based Digital Clock 9.7
9.7.1 Background and function of circuit design
9.7.2 Circuit Design
9.7.3 Circuit program code C51
Chapter 10 C5l typical microcontroller module instance
External ROM and RAM 10.1 Typical use of the device
10.1.1 Example function
10.1.2 device and principle
10.1.3 Circuit
10.1.4 Programming
10.2 LCD display and driver instances
10.2.1 Example function
10.2.2 device and principle
10.2.3 Circuit
lO.2.4 Programming
10.3 with A / D chip voltage measurement
10.3.1 Example function
10.3.2 device and principle
10.3.3 Circuit
10.3.4 Programming
lO.4 used for temperature compensation and measurement DSl820
10.4.1 Example function
10.4.2 device and principle
10.4.3 Circuit
10.4.4 Programming
10.5 voice chip used in the SCM system
10.5.1 Example function
10.5.2 device and principle
10.5.3 Circuit
10.5.4 Programming
10.6 clock chip microcontroller system
10.6.1 Example function
10.6.2 device and principle
10.6.3 Circuit
10.6.4 Programming
10.7 Implementation of SCM in the filtering algorithm
10.8 FFT transform signal data
DOWNLOAD
http://www.mediafire.com/?zskri01jsg5x08g
Thursday, 26 May 2011
Solution Manual for Data Communications and Networking by Behrouz Forouzan
As one of the fastest growing technologies in our culture today, data communications and networking presents a unique challenge for instructors. As both the number and types of students are increasing, it is essential to have a textbook that provides coverage of the latest advances, while presenting the material in a way that is accessible to students with little or no background in the field. Using a bottom-up approach, Data Communications and Networking presents this highly technical subject matter without relying on complex formulas by using a strong pedagogical approach supported by more than 700 figures.Now in its Fourth Edition, this textbook brings the beginning student right to the forefront of the latest advances in the field, while presenting fundamentals in a clear, straightforward manner. Students will find better coverage, improved figures and better explanations on cutting-edge material.
Review: Data Communications and Networking (McGraw-Hill Forouzan Networking)
User Review - Jayesh Naithani - GoodreadsRead this book recently as part of a graduate level introductory course on computer networks at the University of Saint Thomas in Saint Paul, Minnesota. The book covers the five layer TCP/IP protocol ... Read full review
Review: Data Communications Networking (McGraw-Hill Forouzan Networking)
User Review - Joecolelife - GoodreadsA lot has changed in the networking area since I took a Computer Science course about the topic during my undergraduate days in the late '80s - wireless communications, Internet telephony, multimedia ... Read full review
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